Z

Z Z atomic number; impedance.

zafirlukast zafirlukast a leukotriene receptor antagonist used as an antiasthmatic agent.

zalcitabine zalcitabine 2′3′-dideoxycytidine, an antiretroviral agent that inhibits the action of reverse transcriptase; used in the treatment of HIV infection.

zaleplon zaléplon a nonbenzodiazepine sedative and hypnotic used in the short term treatment of insomnia.

zanamivir zanamivir an inhibitor of viral neuraminidase used for the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A and B.

zero zéro 1. the absence of all quantity or magnitude; naught. 2. the point on a thermometer scale at which the graduation begins; the ice point on the Celsius scale and 32° below the ice point on the Fahrenheit. absolute z. z. absolu the lowest possible temperature, designated as 0 on the Kelvin or Rankine scale; the equivalent of − 273.15 °C or − 459.67 °F.

zidovudine zidovudine a synthetic nucleoside (thymidine) analogue that inhibits replication of some retroviruses, including the human immunodeficiency virus; used in the treatment of HIV infection and AIDS.

ZIFT ZIFT zygote intrafallopian transfer.

zileuton zileuton an inhibitor of leukotriene formation, used as an antiasthmatic.

zinc zinc chemical element (see Table of Elements), at. no. 30, symbol Zn; it is an essential micronutrient present in many enzymes, but is toxic on excessive exposure, as by ingestion or inhalation (e.g., metal fume fever). z. acetate acétate de z. an astringent and styptic. z. chloride chlorure de z. a salt used as a nutritional supplement in total parenteral nutrition and applied topically as an astringent and a desensitizer for dentin. z. oxide oxyde de z. a topical astringent, protectant, and sunscreen. z. sulfate sulfate de zinc a topical astringent for mucous membranes, especially those of the eye. z. undecylenate z. undécylenate the zinc salt of undecylenic acid; it is a topical antifungal.

ziprasidone ziprasidone an antipsychotic used as the hydrochloride salt in the treatment of schizophrenia.

zirconium zirconium chemical element (see Table of Elements), at. no. 40, symbol Zr.

Zn Zn zinc.

zoanthropy zoanthropie delusion that one has become an animal. Adj.: zoanthropic.

zoledronic acid acide zolédronique a bisphosphonate inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption, used for the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy, multiple myeloma, bone metastases, and osteitis deformans.

zolmitriptan zolmitriptane a selective serotonin receptor agonist used to relieve acute migraine.

zolpidem zolpidem a non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic; used as the tartrate salt in the short term treatment of insomnia.

zona zone pl. zonae [L.] zone. z. arcuata z. arquée inner tunnel. z. cilia´ris z. ciliaire ciliary zone. z. denticulata z. denticulée the inner zone of the lamina basilaris of the cochlear duct with the limbus of the osseous spiral lamina. z. fasciculata z. fasciculée the thick middle layer of the adrenal cortex. z. glomerulosa z. glomérulée the thin outermost layer of the adrenal cortex. z. incerta zona incerta a narrow band of gray matter between the subthalamic nucleus and thalamic fasciculus. z. orbicularis articulationis coxae zona orbicularis articulationis coxae a ring around the neck of the femur formed by circular fibers of the articular capsule of the hip joint. z. pectinata zona pectinata the outer part of the lamina basilaris of the cochlear duct running from the rods of Corti to the spiral ligament. z. pellucida z. pellucide the transparent, noncellular secreted layer surrounding an oocyte. z. perforata zona perforata the inner portion of the lamina basilaris of the cochlear duct. z. reticularis z. réticulée the innermost layer of the adrenal cortex.

zone zone an encircling region or area; by extension, any area with specific characteristics or boundary. Adj.: zonal. border z. z. marginale a zone at the boundary of two contiguous structures, as that where the trophoblast and the endometrium meet. ciliary z. z. ciliaire the outer of the two regions into which the anterior surface of the iris is divided by the collarette. comfort z. z. de confort an environmental temperature between 13° and 21 °C (55°-70 °F) with a humidity of 30 to 55 per cent. epileptogenic z. z. épileptogène see under focus. erogenous z., erotogenic z. z. érogène an area of the body whose stimulation produces erotic excitation. hemorrhoidal z. z. hémorroïdaire that part of the anal canal extending from the anal valves to the anus and containing the rectal venous plexus. inner z. of renal medulla médullaire rénale interne the part of the medulla farthest in from the cortex, containing ascending and descending limbs of the thin tubule as well as the inner part of the medullary collecting duct. Lissauer marginal z. z. marginale de Lissauer a bridge of white substance between the apex of the posterior horn and the periphery of the spinal cord. mantle z. z. du manteau 1. see under layer. 2. a dense area of lymphocytes encircling a germinal center. marginal z. z. marginale 1. border z. 2. see under layer. 3. a loosely packed region of T and B lymphocytes and macrophages encircling periarterial lymphatic sheaths in the spleen. outer z. of renal medulla z. médullaire externe the part of the medulla nearest to the cortex; containing the medullary part of the distal straight tubule as well as the outer part of the medullary collecting duct. z. of partial preservation z. de préservation partielle in spinal cord injury, a region where there may be only partial damage to nerves, including one to three spinal segments below the level of the injury. pellucid z. z. pellucide zona pellucida. pupillary z. z. pupillaire the inner of the two regions into which the anterior surface of the iris is divided by the collarette. transitional z. z. de transition any anatomical region that marks the point at which the constituents of a structure change from one type to another.

zonesthesia zonesthésie a dysesthesia consisting of a sensation of constriction, as by a girdle.

zonifugal zonifuge passing outward from a zone or region.

zonipetal zonipétal passing toward a zone or region.

zonisamide zonisamide a sulfonamide that acts as an anticonvulsant, used in the treatment of partial seizures in adults.

zonography zonographie a type of tomography that has a particularly thick area of focus, resulting in thicker sections for examination.

zonula zonule pl. zonulae [L.] zonule.

zonule zonule a small zone. Adj.: zonular. ciliary z., z. of Zinn z. ciliaire a system of fibers connecting the ciliary body and the equator of the lens, holding the lens in place.

zonulitis zonulite inflammation of the ciliary zonule.

zonulolysis zonulolyse dissolution of the ciliary zonule by use of enzymes to permit surgical removal of the lens.

zonulotomy zonulotomie incision of the ciliary zonule.

zo(o)- zo(o)- word element [Gr.], animal.

zoodermic zoodermique performed with the skin of an animal, as in skin grafting.

zoogenous zoogène 1. acquired from animals. 2. viviparous.

zoogony zoogonie the production of living young from within the body. Adj.: zoogonous.

zoografting zoogreffe the grafting of animal tissue.

zooid zooïde 1. animal-like. 2. an animal-like object or form. 3. an individual in a united colony of animals.

zoolagnia zoolagnie sexual attraction toward animals.

zoology zoologie the biology of animals.

Zoomastigophorea zoomastigophore a class of protozoa (subphylum Mastigophora), including all the animal-like, as opposed to plantlike, protozoa.

zoonosis zoonose pl. zoonoses disease of animals transmissible to humans under natural conditions. Adj.: zoonotic.

zooparasite zooparasite any parasitic animal organism or species. Adj.: zooparasitic.

zoophilia zoophilie 1. abnormal fondness for animals. 2. bestiality; a paraphilia in which intercourse or other sexual activity with animals is the preferred method of achieving sexual excitement.

zoophobia zoophobie irrational fear of animals.

zooplasty zooplastie zoografting.

zoospermia zoospermie the presence of live spermatozoa in the ejaculated semen.

zoospore zoospore a motile, flagellated, sexual or asexual spore, as produced by certain algae, fungi, and protozoa.

zootoxin zootoxine a toxic substance of animal origin, e.g., venom of snakes, spiders, and scorpions.

zoster zostérien herpes zoster.

zosteriform zostériforme resembling herpes zoster.

Z-plasty plastie en Z repair of a skin defect by the transposition of two triangular flaps, for relaxation of scar contractures.

Zr Zr zirconium.

zwitterion zwitterion an ion that has both positive and negative regions of charge.

zygal en forme de joug shaped like a yoke.

zygapophysis zygapophyse pl. zygapophyses the articular process of a vertebra.

zygion zygion pl. zygia [Gr.] the most lateral point on the zygomatic arch.

zyg(o)- zyg(o)- word element [Gr.], yoked; joined; a junction.

zygoma zygoma 1. the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. 2. zygomatic arch. 3. a term sometimes applied to the zygomatic bone.

zygomatic zygomatique pertaining to, connecting with, or in the region of the zygomatic bone.

zygomaticofacial zygomaticofacial pertaining to the zygomatic process or bone and the face.

zygomaticotemporal zygomaticotemporal pertaining to the zygomatic process or bone and the temporal bone.

zygomycosis zygomycose 1. an infectious disease of humans or animals caused by fungi of the division Zygomycota. 2. mucormycosis.

Zygomycota Zygomycètes a division of the soil fungi consisting of soil saprobes and invertebrate parasites. Organisms may cause human or animal infection in debilitated or highly stressed individuals. In some systems of classification, the Zygomycota are treated as a subdivision, Zygomycotina, which is classified under the division Eumycota.

zygon zygon the stem connecting the two branches of a zygal fissure.

zygosity zygosité the genetic condition or characteristics of a zygote.

-zygosity -zygosité word element [Gr] relationship to the zygote.

zygote zygote the diploid cell resulting from union of a male and a female gamete. More precisely, the cell after synapsis at the completion of fertilization until first cleavage. Adj.: zygotic.

zygotene zygotène the second stage of prophase in meiosis I, during which homologous chromosomes begin to pair by the process of synapsis.

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